Jhalmuri, a Bengal campaign story
Of course it had to be jhalmuri. Which other snack could so perfectly echo the heat and pungency, the high decibel levels and hurly-burly on the West Bengal campaign trail? The culinary symbol of the hotly contested state assembly polls may still be the Bengalis’ beloved maachh-bhaat — it is now, more than ever before, a symbol of fierce cultural identity, sought to be claimed by more than one side. Yet the Prime Minister’s stopover at a jhalmuri shop in Jhargram offers a different lens through which to view the electoral spectacle.
Consider how the jhalmuri is made, the flair with which a range of ingredients — puffed rice, lime juice, onion, tomato, peanuts, chanachur and mustard oil, to name a few — come together to form an exciting new whole. The result is not necessarily harmony; a melange of such strong, contrasting textures and tastes, of so many degrees of truculence and crunch, could hardly be that. Indeed, a well-made jhalmuri does battle with the body, making the eyes water and the tongue smart. Yet the very aggression of its flavours becomes the greatest source of its appeal. Served in a humble paper packet, to be carried away or eaten on the spot, the purpose of the jhalmuri is not to sate an empty tummy; it is to bring alive senses that may have been numbed by the routine and to alert them to new possibilities.
The analogy isn’t straightforward, but then, the best of food and the most exciting of politics are arrived at through circuitous routes and unexpected connections. And a jhalmuri in its humble complexity may just be the metaphor to speak for the tumultuous multitude that is Indian politics.
- 1The conduct of state assembly polls, as seen in West Bengal, is supervised by the Election Commission of India under Article 324 of the Constitution. The ECI enforces the Model Code of Conduct to ensure a level playing field, regulating campaign activities, speeches, and government announcements once elections are declared. This is crucial in "hotly contested" states to prevent misuse of official machinery and maintain democratic integrity.
- 2State elections in border states like West Bengal can significantly impact India's international relations, particularly with Bangladesh. Issues such as cross-border migration, water-sharing agreements like the Teesta Treaty, and trade through land ports often become politicized campaign topics. The rhetoric and subsequent state government policies can directly influence diplomatic negotiations and bilateral cooperation between New Delhi and Dhaka, demonstrating the intersection of regional politics and foreign policy.
- 3The "heat and pungency" of political campaigns often test legal boundaries, particularly regarding hate speech. Speeches promoting enmity between groups on grounds of religion or race are punishable under Section 196 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023. The Election Commission uses these provisions alongside the Model Code of Conduct to curb inflammatory rhetoric, which can lead to criminal proceedings against candidates for disrupting communal harmony.
- 4The use of cultural symbols like 'maachh-bhaat' in West Bengal's elections highlights the role of identity politics in shaping socio-economic narratives. Political parties often leverage such symbols to promise targeted welfare schemes or economic policies aimed at specific communities. This strategy can influence voting patterns by linking cultural identity directly to promises of economic upliftment, making cultural preservation a key electoral issue with tangible financial implications.
